Highway Engineering

Fix the design speed first, then compute superelevation e = V²/(127R), stopping sight distance SSD = vt + v²/(2gf) and the transition length, keeping each within IRC limits.

Characterise the subgrade by its CBR (which drives flexible pavement thickness) and the aggregates by impact, abrasion and gradation tests, and select the bitumen by its viscosity (VG) grade for the climate.

Estimate the cumulative standard axle repetitions over the design life, read the pavement composition from the IRC 37 catalogue for the design traffic and subgrade CBR, and verify the fatigue and rutting strain limits.

Compute the radius of relative stiffness from the slab and subgrade properties, then check Westergaard load stresses for interior, edge and corner loading combined with the warping (temperature) stresses.

Set speed limits from the 85th-percentile speed, classify signs as regulatory, warning or informatory per IRC, and reduce conflict points through channelization and clear sight triangles at intersections.