Manufacturing
Industrial Engineering
5 self-contained study topics — notes, diagrams, formulas, and worked examples for exams and GATE.
Topics
- Work StudyWork study sets standard times: normal time = observed time × rating factor, and standard time = normal time × (1 + allowances). Method study improves the process; time study measures it, per ILO/industrial-engineering texts.
- Production Planning and ControlPPC plans what, how much, and when to produce, using tools like the EOQ = √(2DS/H) for lot sizing and forecasting for demand. It coordinates routing, scheduling, dispatching, and follow-up, per industrial-engineering texts.
- Inventory ManagementInventory models minimise total cost by balancing ordering and carrying costs: EOQ = √(2DS/C_c). Reorder point ROP = demand during lead time + safety stock guards against stockouts, per industrial-engineering texts.
- Facility LayoutFacility layout arranges departments to minimise material-handling cost Σ f_ij·d_ij (flow × distance). Process, product, cellular, and fixed-position layouts suit different production types, per industrial-engineering texts.
- Operations Research BasicsOperations research optimises an objective Z = Σc_i·x_i subject to constraints. Linear programming (graphical/simplex) is the core tool, with the optimum at a corner of the feasible region, per industrial-engineering texts.