What is HVAC?

HVAC stands for Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning — the systems that control indoor temperature, humidity, and air quality in buildings, factories, and vehicles.

Exam tip: keep SI units consistent end-to-end, write the governing relation symbolically before substituting, and sanity-check magnitude and sign.

Understand the concept

HVAC engineers size chillers, boilers, ducts, fans, and controls so spaces stay comfortable and safe. Good design balances energy use, occupant comfort, code compliance, and maintenance access.

Core components

Typical systems include air handlers, compressors, condensers, evaporators, filters, dampers, and building automation. Load calculations estimate heating and cooling needs based on climate, insulation, and occupancy.

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